html { scroll-behavior: smooth; }

/* =========================
   HERO BANNER
   ========================= */
.hero-banner {
  position: relative;
  width: 100%;
  height: 400px;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.hero-image,
.hero-image-no-opacity {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  display: block;
}

.hero-image { filter: brightness(70%); }

.hero-overlay {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  color: #fff;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
}

.hero-content {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr;
  gap: 40px;
  align-items: center;
  width: 100%;
  margin: 0 auto; /* center the grid within the page */
}

.hero-content-center {
  display: grid;
  align-items: end;
  text-align: center;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  padding: 0 200px; /* This is on the sides */
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}

/* Hero left text */
.hero-left h1 {
  font-size: 2.4rem;
  line-height: 1.2;
  font-family: Oswald, sans-serif;
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.hero-left p {
  font-size: 1.3rem;
  font-family: Oswald, sans-serif;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.hero-button {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 10px 20px;
  background-color: transparent;
  color: #fff;
  border: 2px solid #fff;
  text-decoration: none;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 1rem;
  border-radius: 0; /* square edges */
  transition: background 0.3s, color 0.3s;
}
.hero-button:hover { background-color: #EE1C23; color: #fff; }

/* Spotlight (right) */
.hero-right {
  justify-self: end;
  align-self: start;
  width: 300px;
  border-top: 10px solid transparent;
border-image: linear-gradient(
    to right,
    rgba(80, 109, 158, 1),
    rgba(156, 112, 178, 1),
    rgba(156, 112, 178, 1)
) 1;
}

.spotlight-box {
  background-color: #fff;
  color: #222;
  overflow: hidden;
  padding: 20px;
}
.spotlight-box h3 {
  font-size: 1.6rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-bottom: 6px;
  font-family: Roboto-condensed, sans-serif;
}
.spotlight-box img {
  width: 100%;
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 6px;
}
.spotlight-box p { font-size: 1rem; }
.spotlight-box a {
  text-decoration: none;
  font-style: italic;
  color: #444;
  font-weight: 200;
}

/* =========================
   PAGE CONTENT BASE
   ========================= */
.page-content {
  padding: 8px;
  color: #222;
}

.page-content-center {
  margin-top: 20px;
  color: #222;
}

.page-content h2 {
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  font-size: 1.5rem;
}

.project-description {
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

/* Contact page prose (lists + links) */
.project-description-contact {
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
}
.project-description-contact li { margin-left: 20px; }
.project-description-contact a {
  color: #EE1C23;
  text-decoration: none;
}
.project-description-contact a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }

/* Narrow centered blocks (Contact page, etc.) */
.content-narrow {
  max-width: 820px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 12px;
}

/* Card used on Contact page */
.contact-card {
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid #e6e6e6;
  border-radius: 12px;
  padding: 24px;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.04);
  margin-top: 24px;
}
.contact-card h2 { margin-bottom: 8px; }

/* =========================
   HIGHLIGHT BOXES
   ========================= */
.highlight-boxes {
  display: flex;
  gap: 20px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  margin-bottom: 32px;
}
.highlight-box {
  flex: 1 1 300px;
  background-color: #fff;
  border: 1px solid #e6e6e6;
  padding: 16px;
  border-radius: 6px;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
}

/* =========================
   PROJECT IMAGES & META
   ========================= */
.project-image img {
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}
.project-last-updated {
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  color: #999;
  margin-bottom: 40px;
}

/* =========================
   TEAM GRID
   ========================= */
.team-section { margin-bottom: 40px; }
.team-grid {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 32px;
  justify-content: flex-start;
}
.team-member {
  text-align: center;
  flex: 0 0 auto;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  width: 180px;
}
.team-member img {
  width: 180px;
  height: 240px;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: top;
  display: block;
  border-radius: 12px;
}
.team-member h3 { margin-top: 8px; }

.read-bio-button {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 6px 16px;
  text-decoration: none;
  border: 1px solid #EE1C23;
  color: #EE1C23;
  border-radius: 6px;
  font-weight: 500;
  margin-top: 8px;
  transition: background 0.2s ease, color 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
}
.read-bio-button:hover {
  background-color: #EE1C23;
  color: #fff;
}
.read-bio-button:focus-visible {
  outline: none;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(238,28,35,0.3);
}

/* =========================
   BIO PAGE
   ========================= */
.bio-page {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
}
.bio-container {
  width: 100%;
  padding: 40px 100px;
}
.bio-content {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: 24px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}
#bio-photo {
  width: 400px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}
.bio-text-block { flex: 1; }
#bio-name {
  font-size: 2rem;
  margin-bottom: 2px;
  color: #111;
}
#bio-text {
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.4;
  color: #333;
  white-space: pre-line;
}

#bio-title {
  margin-bottom: 18px;
  color: #555;
  font-size: 1rem;
}

#bio-email {
  margin-top: 12px;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}
#bio-email a {
  color: #EE1C23;
  text-decoration: none;
}
#bio-email a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }



/* =========================
   HOME: LEADERSHIP (legacy)
   ========================= */
.leadership-section {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: 24px;
}
.leadership-photo {
  width: 480px;
  height: 280px;
  object-fit: contain;
  object-position: top;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

/* =========================
   HOME: RESEARCH GRID
   ========================= */
.research-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(220px, 1fr));
  gap: 24px;
  margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.research-card {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  text-decoration: none;
  border-radius: 12px;
  overflow: hidden;
  background-color: #fff;
  border: 2px solid transparent;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
  transition: border-color 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
}
.research-card:hover {
  border-color: #EE1C23;
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  box-shadow: 0 6px 16px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
}
.research-card:focus-visible {
  outline: none;
  border-color: #EE1C23;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(238,28,35,0.25);
}
.research-card img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 160px;
  object-fit: cover;
  display: block;
}
.research-title {
  padding: 12px;
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 1rem;
  text-align: center;
  color: #111;
  background-color: #fff;
}


/* === Collaborators container === */
.collab-logos {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;       /* wrap to new lines when needed */
  gap: 28px;             /* space between cards */
  justify-content: center;
}

/* Card container */
.collab-card {
  text-align: center;
}

/* Clickable image link */
.collab-card a {
  display: inline-block;   /* shrink/grow to fit the image */
  border-radius: 100px;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 2px solid transparent;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
  transition: border-color 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
}

/* Hover/Focus styles (copied from research-card) */
.collab-card a:hover {
  border-color: #EE1C23;
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  box-shadow: 0 6px 16px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
}

.collab-card a:focus-visible {
  outline: none;
  border-color: #EE1C23;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(238,28,35,0.25);
}

/* Image sizing */
.collab-card img {
  height: clamp(130px, 10vw, 240px); /* consistent height */
  width: auto;                       /* expand width as needed */
  display: block;
}

/* Text below image */
.collab-name {
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  margin-top: 8px;
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}

.collab-institution {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-style: italic;
  color: #555;
}